燃气发电机组的应用比较广泛，不同的应用场景下发电机组运行模式也有所区别。燃气发电机组主要用于驱动压缩机，属于纯粹的孤岛运行。在天然气热电冷三联供的应用方面，燃气发电机组平时并网运行，一旦电网故障则转换为孤岛运行，为关键设备持续提供电力。

Gas generator sets are widely used, and their operation modes are different under different application scenarios. The gas generator set is mainly used to drive the compressor and belongs to pure island operation. In the application of natural gas cogeneration of heat, power and cooling, the gas generator unit is normally connected to the grid for operation. In case of grid failure, it will be converted to island operation to provide continuous power for key equipment.

并网运行

Grid-connected operation

并网运行定义：分布式能源系统发电机组与公共电网在用户端并列运行，并向公共电网输送电能的方式。

Grid-connected operation definition: the way that distributed energy system generator units and public power grid operate in parallel at the user end and transmit electric energy to the public power grid.

并网运行是为常见的运行模式，对于发电机组而言也是为简单的运行模式。在并网运行模式下，发电机组需要通过电网状态监测装置，实时监测电网状态。一旦电网发生故障，例如突然失电，监测装置迅速给出信号，发电机组控制系统立即断开出口断路器，切断与电网的联系。在这种模式下，发电机组与电网断开后即进入停机程序。

Grid-connected operation is a common operation mode and also a simple operation mode for generating units. In the grid-connected operation mode, the generator unit needs to monitor the power grid status in real time through the power grid status monitoring device. Once the power grid breaks down, such as sudden power loss, the monitoring device will give a signal quickly, and the generator set control system will immediately disconnect the outlet circuit breaker and cut off the connection with the power grid. In this mode, the generator unit will enter the shutdown procedure after it is disconnected from the power grid.

并网运行时，发电机组控制系统需要调节自身的参数，使其与电网参数一致方可并网，这个过程称之为同步或者同期(synchronization)。具体来说，需要同步的参数是，相同的电压、频率、相序和相位。在发动机控制系统里面，可以预先设置允许的误差范围。

During grid-connected operation, the generator set control system needs to adjust its own parameters to make it consistent with the grid parameters before grid-connected. This process is called synchronization. Specifically, the parameters to be synchronized are the same voltage, frequency, phase sequence and phase. In the engine control system, the allowable error range can be preset.

一旦达到允许同步的条件，控制系统自动发出合闸指令，使发电机组出口断路器合闸。如果运行在手动模式，操作员也可以手动进行同步操作。

Once the conditions for synchronization are met, the control system will automatically send a closing command to close the generator set outlet circuit breaker. If the operation is in manual mode, the operator can also perform synchronous operation manually.

在并网运行模式下，发电机组控制系统运行方式为“功率模式”。机组按照满功率或者预先设置的功率值输出，但是从机组的运行效率、维护保养和排放限值等因素考虑，一般要求长期持续运行的功率百分比不低于50%。

In the grid-connected operation mode, the operation mode of the generator unit control system is "power mode". The unit is output according to the full power or preset power value, but considering the operation efficiency, maintenance and emission limit of the unit, it is generally required that the percentage of power for long-term continuous operation shall not be less than 50%.

孤岛运行（孤网运行）

Island operation

孤岛运行定义：分布式能源系统发电机组与公共大电网完全脱开独立运行的方式。

Definition of isolated island operation: the mode of independent operation of the distributed energy system generator set completely separated from the public power grid.

在孤岛运行模式下，燃气发电机组没有电网的支撑，完全由自身提供负荷所需电能。发电机组的带载性能决定了所能承载的负荷大小以及波动。ISO8528-5规定了G1-G4四个类别，分别对应不同的负荷种类和级别。发电机组厂商根据ISO8528-5的定义，给出了机组在相应的等级下大能承受的负荷情况。

In the isolated island operation mode, the gas generator unit is not supported by the power grid, and it completely provides the power required by the load by itself. The load capacity of the generator set determines the size and fluctuation of the load it can carry. ISO8528-5 specifies four categories of G1-G4, which correspond to different load types and levels. According to the definition of ISO8528-5, the generator set manufacturer gives the load that the unit can bear at the corresponding level.

在孤岛运行模式下，发电机组控制系统运行方式为“速度模式”。顾名思义，这个时候发电机组控制系统主要是由速度调节器起着核心作用。负荷在波动时，发电机组管理系统迅速调节燃气和混合气参数以应对出力变化。需要注意的是，负荷的波动不能超过发电机组的限定值。对于电机类负荷，需要注意其直接启动电流为额定值的若干倍。通常，对于大电机应该通过软启动器、星三角或者变频器进行启动。

In the island operation mode, the operation mode of the generator set control system is "speed mode". As the name implies, at this time, the speed regulator plays a key role in the generator set control system. When the load fluctuates, the generator unit management system quickly adjusts the gas and mixture parameters to cope with the output change. It should be noted that the load fluctuation cannot exceed the limit value of the generator set. For motor load, it is necessary to note that its direct starting current is several times of the rated value. Generally, large motors should be started by soft starter, star delta or frequency converter.

当同一段母线下有多台发电机组并列运行时，需要进行负荷分配，包括有功功率的分配和无功功率分配。有功功率分配可以通过厂家提供的负荷分配线，或者类似的专用功能模块实现。无功功率分配则通过给多台发电机组的电压调节器AVR设置相同的Droop参数实现。

When multiple generator units operate in parallel under the same section of bus, load distribution, including active power distribution and reactive power distribution, is required. Active power distribution can be realized through the load distribution line provided by the manufacturer or similar special function modules. Reactive power distribution is realized by setting the same Droop parameters for the voltage regulator AVR of multiple generator units.

并网不上网

Grid-connected and non-grid-connected

并网不上网定义：分布式能源系统发电机组与公共电网在用户端并列运行，不向公共电网输送电能的方式。

Definition of grid-connected and non-grid-connected: the distributed energy system generator units and the public power grid operate in parallel at the user end and do not transmit electricity to the public power grid.

由于各种原因，许多天然气分布式能源项目无法向电网输出电力，或者因经济性不佳而有意不向电网输出电力，这种即为并网不上网模式。但是发电机组仍然与电网连接，当发电机组功率比负荷小时，剩余电能由电网补充。在并网不上网模式下，一般由发电机组充当主用电源，电网作为备用电源。

Due to various reasons, many natural gas distributed energy projects are unable to output power to the grid, or intentionally do not output power to the grid due to poor economic performance. This is the grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode. However, the generator unit is still connected to the grid. When the power ratio of the generator unit is small, the remaining electric energy is supplemented by the grid. In the grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode, the generator set is generally used as the main power supply, and the grid is used as the standby power supply.

并网不上网模式是根据工厂的用电负荷来自动控制机组输出功率。通常需要发电机组控制系统实时监测并网开关处的功率方向，防止出现“逆功率”。具体来说，当发电机组功率大于负荷时，控制系统发出指令，降低发电机组的输出功率。当一段母线上有多台机组时，需要同时调节所有机组的功率。

The grid-connected and non-grid-connected mode is to automatically control the output power of the unit according to the power load of the plant. Usually, the generator set control system is required to monitor the power direction at the grid-connected switch in real time to prevent "reverse power". Specifically, when the power of the generator set is greater than the load, the control system will send instructions to reduce the output power of the generator set. When there are multiple units on a section of bus, it is necessary to adjust the power of all units at the same time.

并网和孤岛自动切换

Grid connection and island automatic switching

有些情况下，机组需要在并网和孤岛模式间进行切换。当电网正常时，机组运行在并网模式。网电故障发生时，机组自动切换到孤岛模式，机组保持持续运行不停机。这时需要注意的是，如果负荷高于发电机组的输出功率，就需要切断部分负荷。机组控制系统能够根据负荷大小自动发出指令，在负荷即将超过额定功率时立即切断部分负荷。在设，需要综合考虑负荷的优先顺序，把非关键负荷与关键负荷区别处理。

In some cases, the unit needs to switch between grid connection and island mode. When the grid is normal, the unit operates in grid connection mode. In case of grid power failure, the unit will automatically switch to island mode, and the unit will maintain continuous operation without shutdown. At this time, it should be noted that if the load is higher than the output power of the generator unit, it is necessary to cut off part of the load. The unit control system can automatically send instructions according to the load size, and cut off part of the load immediately when the load is about to exceed the rated power. In the design, the priority of load should be considered comprehensively, and non-critical load and critical load should be treated differently.

在发电机组控制系统检测到电网恢复正常以后，能够自动给机组发出指令，开始与电网同步的过程，并切换到并网模式。

After the generator unit control system detects that the power grid is restored to normal, it can automatically send instructions to the unit, start the process of synchronization with the power grid, and switch to the grid connection mode.

燃气发电机组的控制模式由用户的需求决定，在具体的控制系统功能的实现上，厂家根据机组数量，电气连接方式，以及运行方式等配置不同的功能模块或者控制柜。如有必要，现有的机组也可以进行改造，增减相应的配置。更多相关内容就来我们网站//www.gz-yanye.com咨询了解！

The control mode of the gas generator unit is determined by the user's needs. In the realization of the specific control system functions, the manufacturer configures different functional modules or control cabinets according to the number of units, electrical connection mode, and operation mode. If necessary, the existing units can also be modified to increase or decrease the corresponding configuration. Come to our website for more relevant content //www.gz-yanye.com Consult and understand!